diff --git a/P10_Sync/Sync/advancedSequence/coffeeTeller.c b/P10_Sync/Sync/advancedSequence/coffeeTeller.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4b96adb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/P10_Sync/Sync/advancedSequence/coffeeTeller.c
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+/*******************************************************************************
+* File:     coffeTeller.c
+* Purpose:  simple sequence with semaphores
+* Course:   bsy
+* Author:   M. Thaler, 2011
+* Revision: 5/2012, 7/2013
+* Version:  v.fs20
+*******************************************************************************/
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/wait.h>
+
+#include <sys/mman.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <semaphore.h>
+
+#include "commonDefs.h"
+
+//******************************************************************************
+
+int main(void) {
+
+    int      i;
+    sem_t    *coin, *coffee, *ready;
+
+    // set up a semaphore
+    coin   = sem_open(COIN_SEMAPHOR,   0);
+    coffee = sem_open(COFFEE_SEMAPHOR, 0);
+    ready  = sem_open(READY_SEMAPHOR,  0);
+
+    // start teller machine
+    printf("\nCoffee teller machine starting\n\n");
+
+    i = 0;
+    while (i < ITERS) {
+        printf("teller (%d): waiting for coin\n", i);
+        printf("       (%d): got coin\n", i);  
+        printf("       (%d): dispense coffee\n", i); 
+        i++;
+    }
+}
+
+//******************************************************************************
diff --git a/P10_Sync/Sync/advancedSequence/commonDefs.h b/P10_Sync/Sync/advancedSequence/commonDefs.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..597278d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/P10_Sync/Sync/advancedSequence/commonDefs.h
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+#ifndef MY_DEFINITIONS_HEADER
+#define MY_DEFINITIONS_HEADER
+
+/*******************************************************************************
+* File:     commonDefs.h
+* Purpose:  common definitions 
+* Course:   bsy
+* Author:   M. Thaler, 2011
+* Revision: 5/2012, 7/2013, 4/2014
+* Version:  v.fs20
+*******************************************************************************/
+
+#define MYTURN_SEMAPHOR  "/my_semaphor_1_name_advaneced_seq"
+#define COIN_SEMAPHOR    "/my_semaphor_2_name_advaneced_seq"
+#define COFFEE_SEMAPHOR  "/my_semaphor_3_name_advaneced_seq"
+#define READY_SEMAPHOR   "/my_semaphor_4_name_advaneced_seq"
+
+#define ITERS     (100*1000*1000)
+#define CUSTOMERS 4
+#define NUM_COIN  3
+
+//******************************************************************************
+
+#define checkSem(X)  {if (X == SEM_FAILED) {perror("sem_open"); exit(-1);}}
+
+#define drinkingCoffee(X) {usleep((((1+X)*rand())+100000)&0xFFFFF);}
+
+//******************************************************************************
+
+#endif
+
diff --git a/P10_Sync/Sync/advancedSequence/customer.c b/P10_Sync/Sync/advancedSequence/customer.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a4609e5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/P10_Sync/Sync/advancedSequence/customer.c
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+/*******************************************************************************
+* File:     customer.c
+* Purpose:  simple sequence with semaphores
+* Course:   bsy
+* Author:   M. Thaler, 2011
+* Revision: 5/2012, 7/2013
+* Version:  v.fs20
+*******************************************************************************/
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+
+#include <sys/mman.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <semaphore.h>
+
+#include "commonDefs.h"
+
+//******************************************************************************
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+
+    int      i, myID;
+    sem_t    *myTurn, *coin, *coffee, *ready;
+
+    if (argc > 1)
+        myID = atoi(argv[1]);
+    else
+        myID = 0;
+
+    // set up a semaphore
+    myTurn = sem_open(MYTURN_SEMAPHOR, 0);
+    coin   = sem_open(COIN_SEMAPHOR,   0);
+    coffee = sem_open(COFFEE_SEMAPHOR, 0);
+    ready  = sem_open(READY_SEMAPHOR,  0);
+
+    // start customer
+    printf("Customer starting (%d)\n", myID);
+
+    // now check the sum 
+    for (i = 0; i < ITERS; i++) {
+        printf("\t\t\t\tcustomer(%d) put coin %d\n", myID, i); 
+        printf("\t\t\t\tcustomer(%d) waiting for coffee %d\n", myID, i);
+        printf("\t\t\t\tcustomer(%d) got coffee %d\n", myID, i);
+        drinkingCoffee(myID);
+    }
+}
+
+//******************************************************************************
diff --git a/P10_Sync/Sync/advancedSequence/makefile b/P10_Sync/Sync/advancedSequence/makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2891669
--- /dev/null
+++ b/P10_Sync/Sync/advancedSequence/makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+# BSy M. Thaler
+# Version v.fs20
+
+CMP=		gcc -std=gnu99
+CMPFLAGS=	-Wall -g
+LIB=		-pthread	
+EXENAME0=	startApp.e
+EXENAME1=	coffeeTeller.e
+EXENAME2=	customer.e
+
+doit:
+		@make --no-print-directory clean
+		@make --no-print-directory startApp
+		@make --no-print-directory coffeeTeller
+		@make --no-print-directory customer
+
+startApp:	startApp.o 
+		$(CMP) $(CMPFLAGS) startApp.o $(LIB) -o $(EXENAME0)
+
+coffeeTeller:	coffeeTeller.o 
+		$(CMP) $(CMPFLAGS) coffeeTeller.o $(LIB) -o $(EXENAME1)
+
+customer:	customer.o 
+		$(CMP) $(CMPFLAGS) customer.o $(LIB) -o $(EXENAME2)
+
+.c.o:		
+		$(CMP) -c $(CMPFLAGS) $<
+
+.cc.o:		
+		$(CMP) -c $(CMPFLAGS) $<
+
+all:
+		@make clean
+		make doit
+
+clean:		
+		@rm -f *.e *.o
+
+purge:
+		@make clean
diff --git a/P10_Sync/Sync/advancedSequence/startApp.c b/P10_Sync/Sync/advancedSequence/startApp.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a1f3a6b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/P10_Sync/Sync/advancedSequence/startApp.c
@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+/*******************************************************************************
+* File:     startApp.c
+* Purpose:  ice cream teller, basic sequence
+* Course:   bsy
+* Author:   M. Thaler, 2011
+* Revision: 5/2012, 7/2013
+* Version:  v.fs20
+*******************************************************************************/
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/wait.h>
+
+#include <sys/mman.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <semaphore.h>
+
+#include "commonDefs.h"
+
+//******************************************************************************
+
+int main(void) {
+
+    int      j;
+    char     string[8];
+    sem_t    *access, *coin, *coffee, *ready;
+    pid_t    tellerPID;
+
+    sem_unlink(MYTURN_SEMAPHOR);        // delete seamphor if it still exists
+    sem_unlink(COIN_SEMAPHOR);          // delete seamphor if it still exists
+    sem_unlink(COFFEE_SEMAPHOR);        // delete seamphor if it still exists
+    sem_unlink(READY_SEMAPHOR);         // delete seamphor if it still exists
+
+    // set up a semaphore (? -> initial value of semaphor)
+    // checkSem() -> macro defined in commonDefs.h
+
+    /*
+    access = sem_open(MYTURN_SEMAPHOR, O_CREAT, 0700, ?); checkSem(access);
+    coin   = sem_open(COIN_SEMAPHOR,   O_CREAT, 0700, ?); checkSem(coin);
+    coffee = sem_open(COFFEE_SEMAPHOR, O_CREAT, 0700, ?); checkSem(coffee);
+    ready  = sem_open(READY_SEMAPHOR,  O_CREAT, 0700, ?); checkSem(ready);
+    */
+
+    // now that the resources are set up, the supervisor can be started
+    for (j = 1; j <= CUSTOMERS; j++) {
+        if (fork() == 0) {
+            sprintf(string, "%d", j);
+            execl("./customer.e", "customer.e", string, NULL);
+            printf("*** could not start customer.e ***\n");
+        }
+    }
+    
+    if ((tellerPID = fork()) == 0) {
+            execl("./coffeeTeller.e", "coffeeTeller.e", "0", NULL);
+            printf("*** could not start coffeTeller ***\n");
+    }
+    
+    waitpid(tellerPID, NULL, 0);
+    system("killall coffeeTeller.e");
+    system("killall customer.e");       // kill all customers
+
+    // clean up resources
+    sem_unlink(MYTURN_SEMAPHOR);
+    sem_unlink(COIN_SEMAPHOR);
+    sem_unlink(COFFEE_SEMAPHOR);
+    sem_unlink(READY_SEMAPHOR);
+    printf("\n");
+}
+
+//******************************************************************************
diff --git a/P10_Sync/Sync/banking/a1/banking.c b/P10_Sync/Sync/banking/a1/banking.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fbf20c1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/P10_Sync/Sync/banking/a1/banking.c
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+//******************************************************************************
+// Course:  BSy
+// File:    banking.c
+// Author:  M. Thaler, ZHAW
+// Purpose: locking mechanisms
+// Version: v.fs20
+//******************************************************************************
+
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <pthread.h>
+
+#include "banking.h"
+
+//******************************************************************************
+
+typedef struct account_struct_ {
+    long int balance;
+    pthread_mutex_t acntLock;
+} Account;
+
+typedef struct branch_struct {
+    Account *accounts;
+    pthread_mutex_t branchLock; 
+} Branch;
+
+//******************************************************************************
+
+static Branch *Bank;
+static int nBranches, nAccounts;
+
+//******************************************************************************
+// banking functions
+
+void makeBank(int num_branches, int num_accounts) {
+    nBranches = num_branches;
+    nAccounts = num_accounts;
+    Bank = (Branch *)malloc(nBranches * sizeof(Branch));
+
+    pthread_mutexattr_t attr;
+    pthread_mutexattr_init(&attr);
+
+    for (int  i = 0; i < nBranches; i++) {
+        Bank[i].accounts = (Account *)malloc(nAccounts * sizeof(Account));
+        pthread_mutex_init(&(Bank[i].branchLock), &attr);
+        for (int j = 0; j < nAccounts; j++) {
+            Bank[i].accounts[j].balance = 0;
+            pthread_mutex_init((&(Bank[i].accounts[j].acntLock)), &attr);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void deleteBank(void) {
+    for (int i = 0; i < nBranches; i++)
+        free(Bank[i].accounts);
+    free(Bank);
+    nBranches = nAccounts = 0;
+}
+
+long int withdraw(int branchNr, int accountNr, long int value) {
+    int rv, tmp;
+    rv = 0;
+    tmp = Bank[branchNr].accounts[accountNr].balance - value;
+    if (tmp >= 0) {
+        Bank[branchNr].accounts[accountNr].balance = tmp;
+        rv = value;
+    }
+    return rv;   
+}
+
+void deposit(int branchNr, int accountNr, long int value) {
+    Bank[branchNr].accounts[accountNr].balance += value;
+}
+
+void transfer(int fromB, int toB, int accountNr, long int value) {
+    int money = withdraw(fromB, accountNr, value);
+    if (money >= 0)
+        deposit(toB, accountNr, money);
+}
+
+void checkAssets(void) {
+    static long assets = 0;
+    long sum = 0;
+    for (int i = 0; i < nBranches; i++) {
+        for (int j = 0; j < nAccounts; j++) {
+            sum += (long)Bank[i].accounts[j].balance;
+        }
+    }
+    if (assets == 0) {
+        assets = sum;
+        printf("Balance of accounts is: %ld\n", sum);
+    }
+    else {
+        if (sum != assets)
+            printf("Balance of accounts is: %ld ... not correct\n", sum);
+        else
+            printf("Balance of accounts is: %ld ... correct\n", assets);
+    }
+}
+
+//******************************************************************************
+
diff --git a/P10_Sync/Sync/banking/a1/banking.h b/P10_Sync/Sync/banking/a1/banking.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1b8ea98
--- /dev/null
+++ b/P10_Sync/Sync/banking/a1/banking.h
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+//******************************************************************************
+// Course:  BSy
+// File:    banking.h
+// Author:  M. Thaler, ZHAW
+// Purpose: locking mechanisms
+// Version: v.fs20
+//******************************************************************************
+// banking functions
+
+void makeBank(int num_branches, int num_accounts);
+void deleteBank(void);
+
+long int withdraw(int branchNr, int accountNr, long int value) ;
+void deposit(int branchNr, int accountNr, long int value);
+void transfer(int fromB, int toB, int accountNr, long int value);
+void checkAssets(void);
+
+//******************************************************************************
+
diff --git a/P10_Sync/Sync/banking/a1/main.c b/P10_Sync/Sync/banking/a1/main.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4efe5c6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/P10_Sync/Sync/banking/a1/main.c
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+//******************************************************************************
+// Course:  BSy
+// File:    main.c
+// Author:  M. Thaler, ZHAW
+// Purpose: locking mechanisms
+// Version: v.fs20
+//******************************************************************************
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <pthread.h>
+
+#include "banking.h"
+#include "mtimer.h"
+#include "mrandom.h"
+
+//******************************************************************************
+// constant values
+
+#define MAX_THREADS  16
+#define NUM_THREADS   4
+
+#define TRANSFERS (16*1024*1024)
+#define ACCOUNTS  (2048)
+#define BRANCHES  (128)
+
+//******************************************************************************
+// globals
+
+int nThreads;
+
+//******************************************************************************
+// pusher
+
+void *pusher(void *arg) {
+    int idx = (int)(long)(arg);
+    mrand_t rand;
+    unsigned int seed = 17*idx;
+    mrandInit(seed, &rand);
+    int account, from, to, val;
+    int count = TRANSFERS / nThreads;
+    for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+        account = (int)(mrandUInt(&rand) % ACCOUNTS);
+        from    = (int)(mrandUInt(&rand) % BRANCHES);
+        to      = (int)(mrandUInt(&rand) % BRANCHES);
+        val     = (int)(mrandRange(1000, 100000, &rand));
+        val     = withdraw(from, account, val);
+        if (val > 0)
+            deposit(to, account, val);
+    }
+}
+
+//******************************************************************************
+// main program
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+
+    gtimer_t timer;
+    mrand_t  ranvar; 
+    long     assets;
+
+    // thread id's
+    pthread_t th[MAX_THREADS];
+
+    // get number of threads or default
+    if (argc > 1)
+        nThreads = atoi(argv[1]);
+    else
+        nThreads = NUM_THREADS;
+    nThreads = (nThreads > MAX_THREADS) ? MAX_THREADS : nThreads; 
+
+    mrandInit((MAX_THREADS + 1)*333, &ranvar);
+
+    printf("\nRunning %d threads\n", nThreads);
+    makeBank(BRANCHES, ACCOUNTS);
+    for (int i = 0; i < ACCOUNTS; i++)
+        deposit(0, i, mrandRange(10, 1000*1000, &ranvar));
+    checkAssets();
+
+    startGTimer(timer);
+    // create threads and pass thread number
+    for (long i = 0; i < nThreads; i++)
+        pthread_create(&th[i], NULL, pusher, (void *)i);
+    // wait for threads to terminate    
+    for (int i = 0; i < nThreads; i++)
+        pthread_join(th[i], NULL);
+    stopGTimer(timer);
+
+    checkAssets();
+    printGTime(timer);
+}
+
+//******************************************************************************
diff --git a/P10_Sync/Sync/banking/a1/makefile b/P10_Sync/Sync/banking/a1/makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..889b1e5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/P10_Sync/Sync/banking/a1/makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Makefile 
+# Course:   BSy
+# Date:	    M. Thaler, 1/2016
+# File:     makefile 
+# Version:  v.fs20
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#macros
+
+CC    	= gcc
+CFLGS 	= -std=gnu99
+LIBS	= -pthread
+OFILES 	= main.o banking.o
+HFILES  = banking.h
+
+main:		$(OFILES) $(HFILES)
+		$(CC) $(CFLGS) $(LIBS) $(OFILES) -o $@.e
+
+.c.o:		
+		$(CC) $(CFLGS) -c $<
+
+.cc.o:
+		$(CC) $(CFLGS) -c $<
+
+clean:		
+		rm -f *.o *.e
+		@echo "directory cleaned"
+
+all:
+		@rm -f *.o
+		make --no-print-directory main
+#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/P10_Sync/Sync/banking/a1/mrandom.h b/P10_Sync/Sync/banking/a1/mrandom.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3d91f4d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/P10_Sync/Sync/banking/a1/mrandom.h
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+#ifndef MY_RANDOMGENERATOR_DEFINITIONS
+#define MY_RANDOMGENERATOR_DEFINITIONS
+
+#include <sys/time.h>
+#include <assert.h>
+
+//******************************************************************************
+// Course:  BSy
+// File:    mrandom.h
+// Author:  M. Thaler, ZHAW
+// Purpose: thread safe random functions (reentrant)
+// Version: v.fs20
+//******************************************************************************
+//  date type:     mrand_t
+//
+//  functions:
+//  - void         mrandInit(mrand_t *mrt)    -> initialize with fixed seed
+//  - unsigned int mrandUInt(mrand_t *mrt)    -> unsigned random number
+//  - unsigned int mrandRange(int low, int high, mrand_t *mrt)
+//                                            -> random number within range
+//
+/******************************************************************************/
+// constanst for ecuyer generator: length approx 8 x 10^12
+
+#define M1 2147483563
+#define M2 2147483399
+#define A1 40014
+#define A2 40692
+#define Q1 53668
+#define Q2 52774
+#define R1 12211
+#define R2 3791
+#define MRAND_MAX M1-1
+
+/******************************************************************************/
+typedef struct mrand_t { unsigned int s1; \
+                         unsigned int s2; } mrand_t;
+
+void mrandInit(unsigned int seed, mrand_t *mrt) {
+    mrt->s1 = 33777 + seed * 777;
+    mrt->s2 = 9777572 + seed * 33775;
+}
+
+unsigned int mrandUInt(mrand_t *mrt) {
+    unsigned int rv;
+    mrt->s1 = A1 * (mrt->s1 % Q1) - mrt->s1 * (mrt->s1/Q1);
+    if (mrt->s1 <= 0) mrt->s1 += M1;
+    mrt->s2 = A2 * (mrt->s2 % Q2) - mrt->s2 * (mrt->s2/Q2);
+    if (mrt->s2 <= 0) mrt->s2 += M2;
+    rv = (mrt->s1 + mrt->s2) % M1;
+    return rv;
+}
+
+double mrandDouble(mrand_t *mrt) {
+    unsigned int rv;
+    double       dv;
+    mrt->s1 = A1 * (mrt->s1 % Q1) - mrt->s1 * (mrt->s1/Q1);
+    if (mrt->s1 <= 0) mrt->s1 += M1;
+    mrt->s2 = A2 * (mrt->s2 % Q2) - mrt->s2 * (mrt->s2/Q2);
+    if (mrt->s2 <= 0) mrt->s2 += M2;
+    rv = (mrt->s1 + mrt->s2) % M1;
+    dv = (double)rv / ((double)(M1-1));
+    return dv;
+}
+
+unsigned int mrandRange(unsigned int low, unsigned int high, mrand_t *mrt) {
+    assert(low <= high);
+    double drv = mrandDouble(mrt);
+    unsigned int av = (unsigned int)(drv * (double)(high-low) + 0.5);
+    return low + av;
+}
+
+/******************************************************************************/
+#endif
diff --git a/P10_Sync/Sync/banking/a1/mtimer.h b/P10_Sync/Sync/banking/a1/mtimer.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..63aa950
--- /dev/null
+++ b/P10_Sync/Sync/banking/a1/mtimer.h
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+#ifndef TIMER_MACRO_DEFINITIONS
+#define TIMER_MACRO_DEFINITIONS
+
+/******************************************************************************/
+// Course:  BSy
+// File:    mtimer.h
+// Purpose: timer functions gettimeofday()
+// Author:  M. Thaler, ZHAW, 1/2016
+// Version: v.fs20
+/******************************************************************************/
+// gettimeofday()
+//  function:   elapsed time:   between start and stop
+//  data type:  gtimer_t
+//  functions:  startGTimer(gtimer_t tdata)                 -> start timer
+//              stopGTimer(gtimer_t tdata)                  -> stop  timer
+//              double getWallGTime(gtimer_t tdata)         -> get time in s
+//              printGTime(X)                               -> print time in s
+// 
+//  -> see also "man gettimeofday"
+/******************************************************************************/
+
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include <sys/time.h>
+#include <sys/times.h>
+
+
+/******************************************************************************/
+
+typedef struct gtimer_t { struct timeval sT; \
+                          struct timeval eT; } gtimer_t;
+
+#define startGTimer(X)  gettimeofday(&X.sT, NULL)  
+#define stopGTimer(X)   gettimeofday(&X.eT, NULL)
+#define getGTime(X)     ((double)(X.eT.tv_sec) - (double)(X.sT.tv_sec)) +\
+                            ((double)X.eT.tv_usec - (double)X.sT.tv_usec)/1e6  
+#define printGTime(X)   printf("Run time %3.2lfs\n", getGTime(X))
+
+/******************************************************************************/
+
+#endif
+                          
diff --git a/P10_Sync/Sync/banking/a1/startApp b/P10_Sync/Sync/banking/a1/startApp
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..211c509
--- /dev/null
+++ b/P10_Sync/Sync/banking/a1/startApp
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+./main.e 1
+./main.e 2
+./main.e 4
diff --git a/P10_Sync/Sync/banking/a2/banking.h b/P10_Sync/Sync/banking/a2/banking.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1b8ea98
--- /dev/null
+++ b/P10_Sync/Sync/banking/a2/banking.h
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+//******************************************************************************
+// Course:  BSy
+// File:    banking.h
+// Author:  M. Thaler, ZHAW
+// Purpose: locking mechanisms
+// Version: v.fs20
+//******************************************************************************
+// banking functions
+
+void makeBank(int num_branches, int num_accounts);
+void deleteBank(void);
+
+long int withdraw(int branchNr, int accountNr, long int value) ;
+void deposit(int branchNr, int accountNr, long int value);
+void transfer(int fromB, int toB, int accountNr, long int value);
+void checkAssets(void);
+
+//******************************************************************************
+
diff --git a/P10_Sync/Sync/banking/a2/main.c b/P10_Sync/Sync/banking/a2/main.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a7645e5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/P10_Sync/Sync/banking/a2/main.c
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+//******************************************************************************
+// Course:  BSy
+// File:    main.c
+// Author:  M. Thaler, ZHAW
+// Purpose: locking mechanisms
+// Version: v.fs20
+//******************************************************************************
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <pthread.h>
+
+#include "banking.h"
+#include "mtimer.h"
+#include "mrandom.h"
+
+//******************************************************************************
+// constant values
+
+#define MAX_THREADS  16
+#define NUM_THREADS   4
+
+#define TRANSFERS (16*1024*1024)
+#define ACCOUNTS  (2048)
+#define BRANCHES  (128)
+
+//******************************************************************************
+// globals
+
+int nThreads;
+
+//******************************************************************************
+// pusher
+
+void *pusher(void *arg) {
+    int idx = (int)(long)(arg);
+    mrand_t rand;
+    unsigned int seed = 17*idx;
+    mrandInit(seed, &rand);
+    int account, from, to, val;
+    int count = TRANSFERS / nThreads;
+    for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+        account = (int)(mrandUInt(&rand) % ACCOUNTS);
+        from    = (int)(mrandUInt(&rand) % BRANCHES);
+        to      = (int)(mrandUInt(&rand) % BRANCHES);
+        val     = (int)(mrandRange(1000, 100000, &rand));
+        val     = withdraw(from, account, val);
+        deposit(to, account, val);
+    }
+}
+
+//******************************************************************************
+// main program
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+
+    gtimer_t timer;
+    mrand_t  ranvar; 
+    long     assets;
+
+    // thread id's
+    pthread_t th[MAX_THREADS];
+
+    // get number of threads or default
+    if (argc > 1)
+        nThreads = atoi(argv[1]);
+    else
+        nThreads = NUM_THREADS;
+    nThreads = (nThreads > MAX_THREADS) ? MAX_THREADS : nThreads; 
+
+    mrandInit((MAX_THREADS + 1)*333, &ranvar);
+
+    printf("\nRunning %d threads\n", nThreads);
+    makeBank(BRANCHES, ACCOUNTS);
+    for (int i = 0; i < ACCOUNTS; i++)
+        deposit(0, i, mrandRange(10, 1000*1000, &ranvar));
+    checkAssets();
+
+    startGTimer(timer);
+    // create threads and pass thread number
+    for (long i = 0; i < nThreads; i++)
+        pthread_create(&th[i], NULL, pusher, (void *)i);
+    // wait for threads to terminate    
+    for (int i = 0; i < nThreads; i++)
+        pthread_join(th[i], NULL);
+    stopGTimer(timer);
+
+    checkAssets();
+    printGTime(timer);
+}
+
+//******************************************************************************
diff --git a/P10_Sync/Sync/banking/a2/makefile b/P10_Sync/Sync/banking/a2/makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..889b1e5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/P10_Sync/Sync/banking/a2/makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Makefile 
+# Course:   BSy
+# Date:	    M. Thaler, 1/2016
+# File:     makefile 
+# Version:  v.fs20
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#macros
+
+CC    	= gcc
+CFLGS 	= -std=gnu99
+LIBS	= -pthread
+OFILES 	= main.o banking.o
+HFILES  = banking.h
+
+main:		$(OFILES) $(HFILES)
+		$(CC) $(CFLGS) $(LIBS) $(OFILES) -o $@.e
+
+.c.o:		
+		$(CC) $(CFLGS) -c $<
+
+.cc.o:
+		$(CC) $(CFLGS) -c $<
+
+clean:		
+		rm -f *.o *.e
+		@echo "directory cleaned"
+
+all:
+		@rm -f *.o
+		make --no-print-directory main
+#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/P10_Sync/Sync/banking/a2/mrandom.h b/P10_Sync/Sync/banking/a2/mrandom.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3d91f4d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/P10_Sync/Sync/banking/a2/mrandom.h
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+#ifndef MY_RANDOMGENERATOR_DEFINITIONS
+#define MY_RANDOMGENERATOR_DEFINITIONS
+
+#include <sys/time.h>
+#include <assert.h>
+
+//******************************************************************************
+// Course:  BSy
+// File:    mrandom.h
+// Author:  M. Thaler, ZHAW
+// Purpose: thread safe random functions (reentrant)
+// Version: v.fs20
+//******************************************************************************
+//  date type:     mrand_t
+//
+//  functions:
+//  - void         mrandInit(mrand_t *mrt)    -> initialize with fixed seed
+//  - unsigned int mrandUInt(mrand_t *mrt)    -> unsigned random number
+//  - unsigned int mrandRange(int low, int high, mrand_t *mrt)
+//                                            -> random number within range
+//
+/******************************************************************************/
+// constanst for ecuyer generator: length approx 8 x 10^12
+
+#define M1 2147483563
+#define M2 2147483399
+#define A1 40014
+#define A2 40692
+#define Q1 53668
+#define Q2 52774
+#define R1 12211
+#define R2 3791
+#define MRAND_MAX M1-1
+
+/******************************************************************************/
+typedef struct mrand_t { unsigned int s1; \
+                         unsigned int s2; } mrand_t;
+
+void mrandInit(unsigned int seed, mrand_t *mrt) {
+    mrt->s1 = 33777 + seed * 777;
+    mrt->s2 = 9777572 + seed * 33775;
+}
+
+unsigned int mrandUInt(mrand_t *mrt) {
+    unsigned int rv;
+    mrt->s1 = A1 * (mrt->s1 % Q1) - mrt->s1 * (mrt->s1/Q1);
+    if (mrt->s1 <= 0) mrt->s1 += M1;
+    mrt->s2 = A2 * (mrt->s2 % Q2) - mrt->s2 * (mrt->s2/Q2);
+    if (mrt->s2 <= 0) mrt->s2 += M2;
+    rv = (mrt->s1 + mrt->s2) % M1;
+    return rv;
+}
+
+double mrandDouble(mrand_t *mrt) {
+    unsigned int rv;
+    double       dv;
+    mrt->s1 = A1 * (mrt->s1 % Q1) - mrt->s1 * (mrt->s1/Q1);
+    if (mrt->s1 <= 0) mrt->s1 += M1;
+    mrt->s2 = A2 * (mrt->s2 % Q2) - mrt->s2 * (mrt->s2/Q2);
+    if (mrt->s2 <= 0) mrt->s2 += M2;
+    rv = (mrt->s1 + mrt->s2) % M1;
+    dv = (double)rv / ((double)(M1-1));
+    return dv;
+}
+
+unsigned int mrandRange(unsigned int low, unsigned int high, mrand_t *mrt) {
+    assert(low <= high);
+    double drv = mrandDouble(mrt);
+    unsigned int av = (unsigned int)(drv * (double)(high-low) + 0.5);
+    return low + av;
+}
+
+/******************************************************************************/
+#endif
diff --git a/P10_Sync/Sync/banking/a2/mtimer.h b/P10_Sync/Sync/banking/a2/mtimer.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..63aa950
--- /dev/null
+++ b/P10_Sync/Sync/banking/a2/mtimer.h
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+#ifndef TIMER_MACRO_DEFINITIONS
+#define TIMER_MACRO_DEFINITIONS
+
+/******************************************************************************/
+// Course:  BSy
+// File:    mtimer.h
+// Purpose: timer functions gettimeofday()
+// Author:  M. Thaler, ZHAW, 1/2016
+// Version: v.fs20
+/******************************************************************************/
+// gettimeofday()
+//  function:   elapsed time:   between start and stop
+//  data type:  gtimer_t
+//  functions:  startGTimer(gtimer_t tdata)                 -> start timer
+//              stopGTimer(gtimer_t tdata)                  -> stop  timer
+//              double getWallGTime(gtimer_t tdata)         -> get time in s
+//              printGTime(X)                               -> print time in s
+// 
+//  -> see also "man gettimeofday"
+/******************************************************************************/
+
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include <sys/time.h>
+#include <sys/times.h>
+
+
+/******************************************************************************/
+
+typedef struct gtimer_t { struct timeval sT; \
+                          struct timeval eT; } gtimer_t;
+
+#define startGTimer(X)  gettimeofday(&X.sT, NULL)  
+#define stopGTimer(X)   gettimeofday(&X.eT, NULL)
+#define getGTime(X)     ((double)(X.eT.tv_sec) - (double)(X.sT.tv_sec)) +\
+                            ((double)X.eT.tv_usec - (double)X.sT.tv_usec)/1e6  
+#define printGTime(X)   printf("Run time %3.2lfs\n", getGTime(X))
+
+/******************************************************************************/
+
+#endif
+                          
diff --git a/P10_Sync/Sync/banking/a2/startApp b/P10_Sync/Sync/banking/a2/startApp
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..211c509
--- /dev/null
+++ b/P10_Sync/Sync/banking/a2/startApp
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+./main.e 1
+./main.e 2
+./main.e 4
diff --git a/P10_Sync/Sync/banking/a3/banking.c b/P10_Sync/Sync/banking/a3/banking.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e9694ce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/P10_Sync/Sync/banking/a3/banking.c
@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+//******************************************************************************
+// Course:  BSy
+// File:    banking.c
+// Author:  M. Thaler, ZHAW
+// Purpose: locking mechanisms
+// Version: v.fs20
+//******************************************************************************
+
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <pthread.h>
+
+#include "banking.h"
+
+//******************************************************************************
+
+typedef struct account_struct_ {
+    long int balance;
+    pthread_mutex_t acntLock;
+} Account;
+
+typedef struct branch_struct {
+    Account *accounts;
+    pthread_mutex_t branchLock; 
+} Branch;
+
+//******************************************************************************
+
+static Branch *bank;
+static int nBranches, nAccounts;
+
+//******************************************************************************
+// banking functions
+
+void makeBank(int num_branches, int num_accounts) {
+    nBranches = num_branches;
+    nAccounts = num_accounts;
+    bank = (Branch *)malloc(nBranches * sizeof(Branch));
+
+    pthread_mutexattr_t attr;
+    pthread_mutexattr_init(&attr);
+    //pthread_mutexattr_settype(&attr, PTHREAD_MUTEX_RECURSIVE_NP);
+
+    for (int  i = 0; i < nBranches; i++) {
+        bank[i].accounts = (Account *)malloc(nAccounts * sizeof(Account));
+        for (int j = 0; j < nAccounts; j++) {
+            bank[i].accounts[j].balance = 0;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void deletebank(void) {
+    for (int i = 0; i < nBranches; i++)
+        free(bank[i].accounts);
+    free(bank);
+    nBranches = nAccounts = 0;
+}
+
+long int withdraw(int branchNr, int accountNr, long int value) {
+    int rv, tmp;
+    rv = 0;
+    tmp = bank[branchNr].accounts[accountNr].balance - value;
+    if (tmp >= 0) {
+        bank[branchNr].accounts[accountNr].balance = tmp;
+        rv = value;
+    };
+    return rv;   
+}
+
+void deposit(int branchNr, int accountNr, long int value) {
+    bank[branchNr].accounts[accountNr].balance += value;
+}
+
+void transfer(int fromB, int toB, int accountNr, long int value) {
+    int money = withdraw(fromB, accountNr, value);
+    deposit(toB, accountNr, money);
+}
+
+void checkAssets(void) {
+    static long assets = 0;
+    long int sum = 0;
+    for (int i = 0; i < nBranches; i++) {
+        for (int j = 0; j < nAccounts; j++) {
+            sum += (long int)bank[i].accounts[j].balance;
+        }
+    }
+    if (assets == 0) {
+        assets = sum;
+        printf("Balance of accounts is: %ld\n", sum);
+    }
+    else {
+        if (sum != assets) {
+            printf("Balance of accounts is: %ld ... not correct\n", sum);
+        }
+        else
+            printf("Balance of accounts is: %ld ... correct\n", assets);
+    }
+}
+
+int checkIBC(void) {
+    static long ibcError = 0;
+    long sum = 0;
+    for (int i = 0; i < nBranches; i++) {
+        pthread_mutex_lock(&bank[i].branchLock);
+    }
+    for (int i = 0; i < nBranches; i++) {
+        for (int j = 0; j < nAccounts; j++) {        
+            sum += (long)bank[i].accounts[j].balance;
+        }
+    }
+    for (int i = 0; i < nBranches; i++) {
+        pthread_mutex_unlock(&bank[i].branchLock);
+    }
+    if (ibcError == 0) ibcError = sum;
+    return (ibcError != sum);
+}
+//******************************************************************************
+
diff --git a/P10_Sync/Sync/banking/a3/banking.h b/P10_Sync/Sync/banking/a3/banking.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e8a4017
--- /dev/null
+++ b/P10_Sync/Sync/banking/a3/banking.h
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+//******************************************************************************
+// Course:  BSy
+// File:    banking.h
+// Author:  M. Thaler, ZHAW
+// Purpose: locking mechanisms
+// Version: v.fs20
+//******************************************************************************
+// banking functions
+
+void makeBank(int num_branches, int num_accounts);
+void deleteBank(void);
+
+long withdraw(int branch, int account, long int value) ;
+void deposit(int branch, int account, long int value);
+void transfer(int fromB, int toB, int account, long int value);
+void checkAssets(void);
+int  checkIBC(void);
+
+//******************************************************************************
+
diff --git a/P10_Sync/Sync/banking/a3/main.c b/P10_Sync/Sync/banking/a3/main.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..623de36
--- /dev/null
+++ b/P10_Sync/Sync/banking/a3/main.c
@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+//******************************************************************************
+// Course:  BSy
+// File:    main.c
+// Author:  M. Thaler, ZHAW
+// Purpose: locking mechanisms
+// Version: v.fs20
+//******************************************************************************
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <pthread.h>
+
+#include "banking.h"
+#include "mtimer.h"
+#include "mrandom.h"
+
+//******************************************************************************
+// constant values
+
+#define MAX_THREADS  16
+#define NUM_THREADS   5
+
+#define TRANSFERS (16*1024*1024L)
+#define ACCOUNTS  (2048)
+#define BRANCHES  (128)
+
+//******************************************************************************
+// globals
+
+int nThreads;
+int ibc = 0;
+
+//******************************************************************************
+// customers
+
+void *pusher(void *arg) {
+    int idx = (int)(long)(arg);
+    mrand_t rand;
+    unsigned int seed = 17*idx;
+    mrandInit(seed, &rand);
+    int account, from, to, val;
+    int count = TRANSFERS / nThreads;
+    for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+        account = (int)(mrandUInt(&rand) % ACCOUNTS);
+        from    = (int)(mrandUInt(&rand) % BRANCHES);
+        to      = (int)(mrandUInt(&rand) % BRANCHES);
+        val     = (int)(mrandRange(1000, 100000, &rand));
+        transfer(from, to, account, val);
+    }
+}
+
+void *checker(void *arg) {
+    for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i = i) {
+        ibc += checkIBC();
+        usleep(100*1000);
+    }
+}
+
+//******************************************************************************
+// main program
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+
+    gtimer_t timer;
+    mrand_t  ranvar; 
+    long     assets;
+
+    // thread id's
+    pthread_t th[MAX_THREADS];
+
+    // get number of threads or default
+    if (argc > 1)
+        nThreads = atoi(argv[1]);
+    else
+        nThreads = NUM_THREADS;
+    nThreads = (nThreads > MAX_THREADS) ? MAX_THREADS : nThreads; 
+
+    mrandInit((MAX_THREADS + 1)*333, &ranvar);
+
+    printf("\nRunning %d threads\n", nThreads);
+    makeBank(BRANCHES, ACCOUNTS);
+    for (int i = 0; i < ACCOUNTS; i++)
+        deposit(0, i, mrandRange(10, 1000*1000, &ranvar));
+    checkAssets();
+
+    startGTimer(timer);
+    // create threads and pass thread number
+    pthread_create(&th[0], NULL, checker, (void *)0);
+    sleep(1);
+    for (long i = 1; i < nThreads; i++)
+        pthread_create(&th[i], NULL, pusher, (void *)i);
+    // wait for threads to terminate    
+    for (int i = 1; i < nThreads; i++)
+        pthread_join(th[i], NULL);
+    stopGTimer(timer);
+
+    checkAssets();
+    printGTime(timer);
+
+    if (ibc) 
+        printf("\n\033[41mYou do not comply with the IBC rules \033[0m\n\n");
+    else
+        printf("\n\033[42mYou do comply with the IBC rules \033[0m\n\n");
+    
+}
+
+//******************************************************************************
diff --git a/P10_Sync/Sync/banking/a3/makefile b/P10_Sync/Sync/banking/a3/makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..889b1e5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/P10_Sync/Sync/banking/a3/makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Makefile 
+# Course:   BSy
+# Date:	    M. Thaler, 1/2016
+# File:     makefile 
+# Version:  v.fs20
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+#macros
+
+CC    	= gcc
+CFLGS 	= -std=gnu99
+LIBS	= -pthread
+OFILES 	= main.o banking.o
+HFILES  = banking.h
+
+main:		$(OFILES) $(HFILES)
+		$(CC) $(CFLGS) $(LIBS) $(OFILES) -o $@.e
+
+.c.o:		
+		$(CC) $(CFLGS) -c $<
+
+.cc.o:
+		$(CC) $(CFLGS) -c $<
+
+clean:		
+		rm -f *.o *.e
+		@echo "directory cleaned"
+
+all:
+		@rm -f *.o
+		make --no-print-directory main
+#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/P10_Sync/Sync/banking/a3/mrandom.h b/P10_Sync/Sync/banking/a3/mrandom.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3d91f4d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/P10_Sync/Sync/banking/a3/mrandom.h
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+#ifndef MY_RANDOMGENERATOR_DEFINITIONS
+#define MY_RANDOMGENERATOR_DEFINITIONS
+
+#include <sys/time.h>
+#include <assert.h>
+
+//******************************************************************************
+// Course:  BSy
+// File:    mrandom.h
+// Author:  M. Thaler, ZHAW
+// Purpose: thread safe random functions (reentrant)
+// Version: v.fs20
+//******************************************************************************
+//  date type:     mrand_t
+//
+//  functions:
+//  - void         mrandInit(mrand_t *mrt)    -> initialize with fixed seed
+//  - unsigned int mrandUInt(mrand_t *mrt)    -> unsigned random number
+//  - unsigned int mrandRange(int low, int high, mrand_t *mrt)
+//                                            -> random number within range
+//
+/******************************************************************************/
+// constanst for ecuyer generator: length approx 8 x 10^12
+
+#define M1 2147483563
+#define M2 2147483399
+#define A1 40014
+#define A2 40692
+#define Q1 53668
+#define Q2 52774
+#define R1 12211
+#define R2 3791
+#define MRAND_MAX M1-1
+
+/******************************************************************************/
+typedef struct mrand_t { unsigned int s1; \
+                         unsigned int s2; } mrand_t;
+
+void mrandInit(unsigned int seed, mrand_t *mrt) {
+    mrt->s1 = 33777 + seed * 777;
+    mrt->s2 = 9777572 + seed * 33775;
+}
+
+unsigned int mrandUInt(mrand_t *mrt) {
+    unsigned int rv;
+    mrt->s1 = A1 * (mrt->s1 % Q1) - mrt->s1 * (mrt->s1/Q1);
+    if (mrt->s1 <= 0) mrt->s1 += M1;
+    mrt->s2 = A2 * (mrt->s2 % Q2) - mrt->s2 * (mrt->s2/Q2);
+    if (mrt->s2 <= 0) mrt->s2 += M2;
+    rv = (mrt->s1 + mrt->s2) % M1;
+    return rv;
+}
+
+double mrandDouble(mrand_t *mrt) {
+    unsigned int rv;
+    double       dv;
+    mrt->s1 = A1 * (mrt->s1 % Q1) - mrt->s1 * (mrt->s1/Q1);
+    if (mrt->s1 <= 0) mrt->s1 += M1;
+    mrt->s2 = A2 * (mrt->s2 % Q2) - mrt->s2 * (mrt->s2/Q2);
+    if (mrt->s2 <= 0) mrt->s2 += M2;
+    rv = (mrt->s1 + mrt->s2) % M1;
+    dv = (double)rv / ((double)(M1-1));
+    return dv;
+}
+
+unsigned int mrandRange(unsigned int low, unsigned int high, mrand_t *mrt) {
+    assert(low <= high);
+    double drv = mrandDouble(mrt);
+    unsigned int av = (unsigned int)(drv * (double)(high-low) + 0.5);
+    return low + av;
+}
+
+/******************************************************************************/
+#endif
diff --git a/P10_Sync/Sync/banking/a3/mtimer.h b/P10_Sync/Sync/banking/a3/mtimer.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..63aa950
--- /dev/null
+++ b/P10_Sync/Sync/banking/a3/mtimer.h
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+#ifndef TIMER_MACRO_DEFINITIONS
+#define TIMER_MACRO_DEFINITIONS
+
+/******************************************************************************/
+// Course:  BSy
+// File:    mtimer.h
+// Purpose: timer functions gettimeofday()
+// Author:  M. Thaler, ZHAW, 1/2016
+// Version: v.fs20
+/******************************************************************************/
+// gettimeofday()
+//  function:   elapsed time:   between start and stop
+//  data type:  gtimer_t
+//  functions:  startGTimer(gtimer_t tdata)                 -> start timer
+//              stopGTimer(gtimer_t tdata)                  -> stop  timer
+//              double getWallGTime(gtimer_t tdata)         -> get time in s
+//              printGTime(X)                               -> print time in s
+// 
+//  -> see also "man gettimeofday"
+/******************************************************************************/
+
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include <sys/time.h>
+#include <sys/times.h>
+
+
+/******************************************************************************/
+
+typedef struct gtimer_t { struct timeval sT; \
+                          struct timeval eT; } gtimer_t;
+
+#define startGTimer(X)  gettimeofday(&X.sT, NULL)  
+#define stopGTimer(X)   gettimeofday(&X.eT, NULL)
+#define getGTime(X)     ((double)(X.eT.tv_sec) - (double)(X.sT.tv_sec)) +\
+                            ((double)X.eT.tv_usec - (double)X.sT.tv_usec)/1e6  
+#define printGTime(X)   printf("Run time %3.2lfs\n", getGTime(X))
+
+/******************************************************************************/
+
+#endif
+                          
diff --git a/P10_Sync/Sync/banking/a3/startApp b/P10_Sync/Sync/banking/a3/startApp
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..211c509
--- /dev/null
+++ b/P10_Sync/Sync/banking/a3/startApp
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+./main.e 1
+./main.e 2
+./main.e 4
diff --git a/P10_Sync/Sync/basicSequence/coffeeTeller.c b/P10_Sync/Sync/basicSequence/coffeeTeller.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4b96adb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/P10_Sync/Sync/basicSequence/coffeeTeller.c
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+/*******************************************************************************
+* File:     coffeTeller.c
+* Purpose:  simple sequence with semaphores
+* Course:   bsy
+* Author:   M. Thaler, 2011
+* Revision: 5/2012, 7/2013
+* Version:  v.fs20
+*******************************************************************************/
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/wait.h>
+
+#include <sys/mman.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <semaphore.h>
+
+#include "commonDefs.h"
+
+//******************************************************************************
+
+int main(void) {
+
+    int      i;
+    sem_t    *coin, *coffee, *ready;
+
+    // set up a semaphore
+    coin   = sem_open(COIN_SEMAPHOR,   0);
+    coffee = sem_open(COFFEE_SEMAPHOR, 0);
+    ready  = sem_open(READY_SEMAPHOR,  0);
+
+    // start teller machine
+    printf("\nCoffee teller machine starting\n\n");
+
+    i = 0;
+    while (i < ITERS) {
+        printf("teller (%d): waiting for coin\n", i);
+        printf("       (%d): got coin\n", i);  
+        printf("       (%d): dispense coffee\n", i); 
+        i++;
+    }
+}
+
+//******************************************************************************
diff --git a/P10_Sync/Sync/basicSequence/commonDefs.h b/P10_Sync/Sync/basicSequence/commonDefs.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bf53a72
--- /dev/null
+++ b/P10_Sync/Sync/basicSequence/commonDefs.h
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+#ifndef MY_DEFINITIONS_HEADER
+#define MY_DEFINITIONS_HEADER
+
+/*******************************************************************************
+* File:     commonDefs.h
+* Purpose:  common definitions 
+* Course:   bsy
+* Author:   M. Thaler, 2011
+* Revision: 5/2012, 7/2013, 4/2014
+* Version:  v.fs20
+*******************************************************************************/
+
+#define MYTURN_SEMAPHOR  "/my_semaphor_1_name_simple_seq"
+#define COIN_SEMAPHOR    "/my_semaphor_2_name_simple_seq"
+#define COFFEE_SEMAPHOR  "/my_semaphor_3_name_simple_seq"
+#define READY_SEMAPHOR   "/my_semaphor_4_name_simple_seq"
+
+#define ITERS    (100*1000*1000)
+#define CUSTOMERS 4
+
+//******************************************************************************
+
+#define checkSem(X)  {if (X == SEM_FAILED) {perror("sem_open"); exit(-1);}}
+
+#define drinkingCoffee(X) {usleep((((1+X)*rand())+100000)&0xFFFFF);}
+
+//******************************************************************************
+
+#endif
+
diff --git a/P10_Sync/Sync/basicSequence/customer.c b/P10_Sync/Sync/basicSequence/customer.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a4609e5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/P10_Sync/Sync/basicSequence/customer.c
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+/*******************************************************************************
+* File:     customer.c
+* Purpose:  simple sequence with semaphores
+* Course:   bsy
+* Author:   M. Thaler, 2011
+* Revision: 5/2012, 7/2013
+* Version:  v.fs20
+*******************************************************************************/
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+
+#include <sys/mman.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <semaphore.h>
+
+#include "commonDefs.h"
+
+//******************************************************************************
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+
+    int      i, myID;
+    sem_t    *myTurn, *coin, *coffee, *ready;
+
+    if (argc > 1)
+        myID = atoi(argv[1]);
+    else
+        myID = 0;
+
+    // set up a semaphore
+    myTurn = sem_open(MYTURN_SEMAPHOR, 0);
+    coin   = sem_open(COIN_SEMAPHOR,   0);
+    coffee = sem_open(COFFEE_SEMAPHOR, 0);
+    ready  = sem_open(READY_SEMAPHOR,  0);
+
+    // start customer
+    printf("Customer starting (%d)\n", myID);
+
+    // now check the sum 
+    for (i = 0; i < ITERS; i++) {
+        printf("\t\t\t\tcustomer(%d) put coin %d\n", myID, i); 
+        printf("\t\t\t\tcustomer(%d) waiting for coffee %d\n", myID, i);
+        printf("\t\t\t\tcustomer(%d) got coffee %d\n", myID, i);
+        drinkingCoffee(myID);
+    }
+}
+
+//******************************************************************************
diff --git a/P10_Sync/Sync/basicSequence/makefile b/P10_Sync/Sync/basicSequence/makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4b2726a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/P10_Sync/Sync/basicSequence/makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+# Author  M. Thaler InIT/ZHAW
+# Version v.fs20
+
+CMP=		gcc -std=gnu99
+CMPFLAGS=	-Wall -g
+LIB=		-pthread	
+EXENAME0=	startApp.e
+EXENAME1=	coffeeTeller.e
+EXENAME2=	customer.e
+
+doit:
+		@make --no-print-directory clean
+		@make --no-print-directory startApp
+		@make --no-print-directory coffeeTeller
+		@make --no-print-directory customer
+
+startApp:	startApp.o 
+		$(CMP) $(CMPFLAGS) startApp.o $(LIB) -o $(EXENAME0)
+
+coffeeTeller:	coffeeTeller.o 
+		$(CMP) $(CMPFLAGS) coffeeTeller.o $(LIB) -o $(EXENAME1)
+
+customer:	customer.o 
+		$(CMP) $(CMPFLAGS) customer.o $(LIB) -o $(EXENAME2)
+
+.c.o:		
+		$(CMP) -c $(CMPFLAGS) $<
+
+.cc.o:		
+		$(CMP) -c $(CMPFLAGS) $<
+
+all:
+		@make clean
+		make doit
+
+clean:		
+		@rm -f *.e *.o
+
+purge:
+		@make clean
diff --git a/P10_Sync/Sync/basicSequence/startApp.c b/P10_Sync/Sync/basicSequence/startApp.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..06717b6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/P10_Sync/Sync/basicSequence/startApp.c
@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+/*******************************************************************************
+* File:     startApp.c
+* Purpose:  ice cream teller, basic sequence
+* Course:   bsy
+* Author:   M. Thaler, 2011
+* Revision: 5/2012, 7/2013
+* Version:  v.fs20
+*******************************************************************************/
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/wait.h>
+
+#include <sys/mman.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <semaphore.h>
+
+#include "commonDefs.h"
+
+//******************************************************************************
+
+int main(void) {
+
+    int      j;
+    char     string[8];
+    sem_t    *myTurn, *coin, *coffee, *ready;
+    pid_t    tellerPID;
+
+    sem_unlink(MYTURN_SEMAPHOR);        // delete seamphor if it still exists
+    sem_unlink(COIN_SEMAPHOR);          // delete seamphor if it still exists
+    sem_unlink(COFFEE_SEMAPHOR);        // delete seamphor if it still exists
+    sem_unlink(READY_SEMAPHOR);         // delete seamphor if it still exists
+
+    // set up a semaphore (? -> initial value of semaphor)
+    // checkSem() -> macro defined in commonDefs.h
+
+    /*
+    myTurn = sem_open(MYTURN_SEMAPHOR, O_CREAT, 0700, ?); checkSem(myTurn);
+    coin   = sem_open(COIN_SEMAPHOR,   O_CREAT, 0700, ?); checkSem(coin);
+    coffee = sem_open(COFFEE_SEMAPHOR, O_CREAT, 0700, ?); checkSem(coffee);
+    ready  = sem_open(READY_SEMAPHOR,  O_CREAT, 0700, ?); checkSem(ready);
+    */
+
+    // now that the resources are set up, the supervisor can be started
+    for (j = 1; j <= CUSTOMERS; j++) {
+        if (fork() == 0) {
+            sprintf(string, "%d", j);
+            execl("./customer.e", "customer.e", string, NULL);
+            printf("*** could not start customer.e ***\n");
+        }
+    }
+    
+    if ((tellerPID = fork()) == 0) {
+            execl("./coffeeTeller.e", "coffeeTeller.e", "0", NULL);
+            printf("*** could not start coffeTeller ***\n");
+    }
+    
+    waitpid(tellerPID, NULL, 0);
+    system("killall coffeeTeller.e");
+    system("killall customer.e");       // kill all customers
+
+    // clean up resources
+    sem_unlink(MYTURN_SEMAPHOR);
+    sem_unlink(COIN_SEMAPHOR);
+    sem_unlink(COFFEE_SEMAPHOR);
+    sem_unlink(READY_SEMAPHOR);
+    printf("\n");
+}
+
+//******************************************************************************
diff --git a/P10_Sync/Sync/multiCPUs b/P10_Sync/Sync/multiCPUs
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..f7cd5bc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/P10_Sync/Sync/multiCPUs
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+#******************************************************************************
+# Purpose: turn off all CPU's but one (CPU 0), turn on all CPU's
+#          Linux only
+# Author:  M. Thaler, BSy 4/2014
+
+# Usage:   multiCPUs off: turn off all CPUs but one
+#          multiCPUs on:  turn all CPUs on
+#
+# Version: v.fs20
+#******************************************************************************
+
+theDir="/sys/devices/system/cpu"
+
+# check if sys exists
+if test ! -d $theDir
+then
+    echo "*** cannot set to single CPU ***"
+    exit 1
+fi
+
+# figure out what to do: multi CPUs off (single CPU) or all CPU's on
+let status=1
+if test "$1" = "on"
+then
+   let status=1
+else
+   if test "$1" = "off"
+   then
+      let status=0
+   else
+      echo "*** what do you want: ... on or off? ***"
+      exit 1
+   fi
+fi
+
+# turn CPU's on or off
+
+cd $theDir
+
+CPUs=`ls -d cpu* | grep 'cpu[0-9][0-9]*'`
+for CPU in $CPUs
+do
+    if test ! "$CPU" = "cpu0"
+    then
+        echo "$CPU on = $status"
+        currVal=`cat ./$CPU/online`
+        # only change if different ... avoid error message
+        if test ! "$currVal" = "$status"
+        then
+	        echo "$status" > "./$CPU/online"
+        fi
+    fi
+done
+
+#******************************************************************************
diff --git a/P10_Sync/Sync/mutex/README_MAC_OSX b/P10_Sync/Sync/mutex/README_MAC_OSX
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fdf5c02
--- /dev/null
+++ b/P10_Sync/Sync/mutex/README_MAC_OSX
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+For Mac users
+
+"pthread_mutex_lock(&lock)" is slow on MACs compared to Linux:
+
+use instead: "while (pthread_mutex_trylock(&lock) > 0) {} ;"
+
+which implements a spin lock
diff --git a/P10_Sync/Sync/mutex/coffeeTeller.c b/P10_Sync/Sync/mutex/coffeeTeller.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..de41d50
--- /dev/null
+++ b/P10_Sync/Sync/mutex/coffeeTeller.c
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+/*******************************************************************************
+* File:     coffeTeller.c
+* Purpose:  coffe teller with pthreads
+* Course:   bsy
+* Author:   M. Thaler, 2011
+* Revision: 5/2012
+* Version:  v.fs20
+*******************************************************************************/
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/wait.h>
+
+#include <pthread.h>
+
+#include "commonDefs.h"
+
+//******************************************************************************
+
+void *coffeeTeller(void* data) {
+
+    int i;
+    cData *cD = (cData *) data;
+
+    // now start selling coffee
+    printf("\nCoffee teller machine starting\n\n");
+    
+    i = 0;
+    while (i < ITERATIONS) {
+        if (cD->coinCount != cD->selCount1 + cD->selCount2) {
+            printf("error c = %5d  s1 =%6d   s2 =%6d   diff: %4d\ti = %d\n", 
+                   cD->coinCount, cD->selCount1, cD->selCount2, 
+                   cD->coinCount - cD->selCount1 - cD->selCount2, 
+                   i);
+            cD->coinCount = 0;
+            cD->selCount1 = cD->selCount2 = 0;
+        }
+        if (i%1000000 == 0) printf("working\n");
+        i++;
+    }
+    pthread_exit(0);
+}
+
+//******************************************************************************
diff --git a/P10_Sync/Sync/mutex/coffeeTeller.h b/P10_Sync/Sync/mutex/coffeeTeller.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3cf9274
--- /dev/null
+++ b/P10_Sync/Sync/mutex/coffeeTeller.h
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+#ifndef MY_DEFINITIONS_TELLER_H
+#define MY_DEFINITIONS_TELLER_H
+
+/*******************************************************************************
+* File:     coffeTeller.h
+* Purpose:  coffe teller with pthreads
+* Course:   bsy
+* Author:   M. Thaler, 2011
+* Revision: 5/2012
+* Version:  v.fs20
+*******************************************************************************/
+
+void *coffeeTeller(void* data);
+
+//******************************************************************************
+
+#endif
diff --git a/P10_Sync/Sync/mutex/commonDefs.h b/P10_Sync/Sync/mutex/commonDefs.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..074dc86
--- /dev/null
+++ b/P10_Sync/Sync/mutex/commonDefs.h
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+#ifndef MY_DEFINITIONS_HEADER
+#define MY_DEFINITIONS_HEADER
+
+/*******************************************************************************
+* File:     commonDefs.h
+* Purpose:  header file for common definitions 
+* Course:   bsy
+* Author:   M. Thaler, 2011
+* Revision: 5/2012
+* Version:  v.fs20
+*******************************************************************************/
+
+#define ITERATIONS  (100*1000*1000)
+
+//******************************************************************************
+
+#define CUSTOMERS   4   // number of customers to be started
+
+//******************************************************************************
+// common data 
+
+typedef struct {
+    int coinCount;              // number of paid coffees
+    int selCount1;              // number of chosen coffees of type 1
+    int selCount2;              // number of chosen coffees of type 2
+    pthread_mutex_t lock;       // common lock
+} cData;
+
+//******************************************************************************
+
+#endif
+
diff --git a/P10_Sync/Sync/mutex/customer.c b/P10_Sync/Sync/mutex/customer.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f340905
--- /dev/null
+++ b/P10_Sync/Sync/mutex/customer.c
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+/*******************************************************************************
+* File:     customer.c
+* Purpose:  customer thread
+* Course:   bsy
+* Author:   M. Thaler, 2011
+* Revision: 5/2012
+* Version:  v.fs20
+*******************************************************************************/
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <time.h>
+
+#include <pthread.h>
+
+#include "commonDefs.h"
+#include "mrand.h"
+
+//*****************************************************************************
+
+void *customer(void* data) {
+    float  ranNum;
+    int    i;
+    rand_t randnum;
+
+    cData *cD = (cData *) data;
+
+    rand_seed(&randnum, 0); 
+
+    // put coin and select coffee
+    for (i = 0; i < ITERATIONS; i++) {
+        ranNum = rand_float(&randnum);
+        cD->coinCount      += 1;
+        if (ranNum < 0.5)
+            cD->selCount1 += 1;
+        else
+            cD->selCount2 += 1;
+    }
+    
+    pthread_exit(0);  
+}
+
+//*****************************************************************************
diff --git a/P10_Sync/Sync/mutex/customer.h b/P10_Sync/Sync/mutex/customer.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..58a2298
--- /dev/null
+++ b/P10_Sync/Sync/mutex/customer.h
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#ifndef MY_DEFINITIONS_CUSTOMER_H
+#define MY_DEFINITIONS_CUSTOMER_H
+
+/*******************************************************************************
+* File:     customer.h
+* Purpose:  customer thread
+* Course:   bsy
+* Author:   M. Thaler, 2011
+* Revision: 5/2012
+* Version:  v.fs20
+*******************************************************************************/
+
+void *customer(void* data);
+
+//******************************************************************************
+#endif
diff --git a/P10_Sync/Sync/mutex/makefile b/P10_Sync/Sync/mutex/makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..744e460
--- /dev/null
+++ b/P10_Sync/Sync/mutex/makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+# Author	M. Thaler
+# Version	v.fs20
+
+CMP=		gcc -std=gnu99
+CMPFLAGS=	-Wall -g
+LIB=		-pthread
+EXENAME1=	startApp.e
+
+INCLS=		commonDefs.h
+FILES=		startApp.o coffeeTeller.o customer.o
+
+doit:		
+		@make --no-print-directory clean
+		@make --no-print-directory coffeeTeller	
+
+coffeeTeller:	$(FILES)
+		$(CMP) $(CMPFLAGS) $(FILES) $(LIB) -o $(EXENAME1)
+
+.c.o:		$(INCLS)
+		$(CMP) -c $(CMPFLAGS) $<
+
+.cc.o:		$(INCLS)
+		$(CMP) -c $(CMPFLAGS) $<
+
+all:
+		@make clean
+		make doit
+
+clean:		
+		@rm -f *.e *.o
+
+purge:
+		@make clean
diff --git a/P10_Sync/Sync/mutex/mrand.h b/P10_Sync/Sync/mutex/mrand.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0535f7f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/P10_Sync/Sync/mutex/mrand.h
@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+#ifndef MY_THREADSAVE_RANDOM_GENERATOR
+#define MY_THREADSAVE_RANDOM_GENERATOR
+
+/******************************************************************************
+* File:     mrand.h
+* Purpose:  simple portable thread save random generator 
+*           ccording to Schrage
+* Author:   M. Thaler, 5/2012, BSy
+* Version:  v.fs20
+******************************************************************************/
+
+#include <sys/time.h>
+
+//******************************************************************************
+
+#define MMM_MR 2147483563
+#define AAA_MR 40014
+#define QQQ_MR 53668
+#define RRR_MR 12211
+
+#define MRAND_MAX (MMM_MR-1)
+
+//******************************************************************************
+
+typedef int rand_t;
+
+// seed ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+void rand_seed(rand_t *srand, int seed) {
+    struct timeval prandom_seed;
+    gettimeofday(&prandom_seed, NULL);
+    if (seed > 0)
+        *srand = seed;
+    else 
+        *srand = (prandom_seed.tv_usec);
+    
+}
+
+// integer random value  -------------------------------------------------------
+// range 0 .. MRAND_MAX (inclusive)
+
+int rand_int(rand_t *srand) {
+    int nx;
+    nx = AAA_MR * (*srand % QQQ_MR) - RRR_MR * (*srand / QQQ_MR);
+    *srand = (nx > 0) ? nx : nx + MMM_MR; 
+    return (*srand);
+}
+
+// float random value  ---------------------------------------------------------
+// range 0.0 .. 1.0 (inclusive)
+
+float rand_float(rand_t *srand) {
+    float fx;
+    *srand = rand_int(srand);
+    fx     = (float)(*srand) / ((float)MRAND_MAX);
+    return (fx);
+}
+
+// double random value  --------------------------------------------------------
+// range 0.0 .. 1.0 (inclusive)
+
+double rand_double(rand_t *srand) {
+    double fx;
+    *srand = rand_int(srand);
+    fx     = (double)(*srand) / ((double)MRAND_MAX);
+    return (fx);
+}
+
+// unsigned int random range  --------------------------------------------------
+// range low .. high 
+
+unsigned int rand_range(unsigned int low, unsigned int high, rand_t *srand) {
+    unsigned int rv;
+    double   prop;
+    prop = ((double)(high - low)) * rand_double(srand);
+    rv   = low + ((unsigned int) prop);
+    return(rv);
+}
+
+// unsigned int probability  ---------------------------------------------------
+// returns 0 or 1
+
+unsigned int rand_prob(double prob, rand_t *srand) {
+    if (rand_double(srand) >= 1.0-prob)
+        return 1;
+    else
+        return 0;
+}
+
+// unsigned int toss coin  -----------------------------------------------------
+// returns 0 or 1
+
+unsigned int toss_coin(rand_t *srand) {
+    if (rand_float(srand) >= 0.5)
+        return 1;
+    else
+        return 0;
+}
+
+//******************************************************************************
+
+#endif
diff --git a/P10_Sync/Sync/mutex/startApp.c b/P10_Sync/Sync/mutex/startApp.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..13ef658
--- /dev/null
+++ b/P10_Sync/Sync/mutex/startApp.c
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+/*******************************************************************************
+* File:     startApp.c
+* Purpose:  mutex with locks
+* Course:   bsy
+* Author:   M. Thaler, 2011
+* Revision: 5/2012
+* Version:  v.fs20
+*******************************************************************************/
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/wait.h>
+#include <assert.h>
+
+#include <pthread.h>
+
+#include "commonDefs.h"
+#include "coffeeTeller.h"
+#include "customer.h"
+
+//******************************************************************************
+// common data
+
+cData cD;
+
+//******************************************************************************
+
+int main(void) {
+
+    unsigned int j;
+    int pthr;
+
+    pthread_t tellerThread, customerThreads[CUSTOMERS];
+    
+    cD.coinCount = 0;
+    cD.selCount1 = 0;
+    cD.selCount2 = 0;   
+    pthread_mutex_init(&(cD.lock), NULL);
+
+    // start teller and customers now that everything is set up    
+    pthr = pthread_create(&tellerThread, NULL, coffeeTeller, &cD);
+    assert(pthr == 0);    
+    for (j = 0; j < CUSTOMERS; j++) {
+        pthr = pthread_create(&(customerThreads[j]), NULL, customer, &cD);
+        assert(pthr == 0);
+    }
+
+    // wait for all threads to terminate  
+    pthread_join(tellerThread, NULL);
+    
+    for (j = 0; j < CUSTOMERS; j++) {
+        pthr = pthread_join(customerThreads[j], NULL);
+        assert(pthr == 0);
+    }
+}
+
+//******************************************************************************